18 July 2025
According to the UN Trade & Development (UNCTAD) report published in March 2024, new UNCTAD-WHO analysis reveals trends in fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and beverages such as beer and wine, along with processed foods trade. Global trade in food grew by 350% from 2000 to 2021, reaching a total value of $1.7 trillion. Seven hundred eighty-three million are hungry worldwide in 2022, while one in eight people lives with obesity. Developed economies import a higher proportion of processed food, comprising about 48% of their total food imports, compared to around 35% for developing economies.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 16 million (1.0%) DALYs and 1.7 million (2.8%) deaths worldwide are attributable to low fruit and vegetable consumption. Adequate consumption of fruit and vegetables reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases, colorectal cancer, and stomach cancer. There is convincing evidence that the consumption of high levels of foods, which are high in fats and sugars, promotes obesity compared to low-energy foods like fruits and vegetables.
Dairy products can benefit our bones, reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, and improve body composition. According to a report, cow’s milk represents 81% of total global milk production (714 million tons), but higher growth rates for both buffalo and goat milk indicate a growing appetite for these products. 714 billion kg of cow’s milk were produced in 2019. Asia is currently the world’s leading region for cow’s milk production at 32%.
Apart from dairy products, other beverage products like beer enhances bone density and also helps to eliminate the risk of bone diseases like osteoporosis. Wine, generally red wine, is high in tannin, which protects an individual from heart disease. According to a report published in 2022, annual beer consumption in Asia was highest in the world for the 15th consecutive year, with an increase of 4.9% from the previous year, with a global market share of 33.9%.
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